111 articles - From Saturday Jan 29 2022 to Friday Feb 04 2022
Guidelines, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…
| Endoscopy |
Therapeutic endoscopic ultrasound: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Technical Review. Strong recommendation, low quality evidence. 8: ESGE recommends the use of either 15- or 20-mm LAMSs for EDGE, with a preference for 20-mm LAMSs when considering a same-session ERCP. Strong recommendation, low quality evidence. |
| Gastroenterology |
AGA Clinical Practice Update on Approach to the Use of Noninvasive Colorectal Cancer Screening Options: Commentary. The purpose of this American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) Institute Clinical Practice Update Commentary is to review the available evidence and provide expert advice regarding the approach to using noninvasive colorectal cancer (CRC) screening options, including evidence for their effectiveness, selection of individuals for whom these tests are appropriate, implications of a positive non-colonoscopy screening test, and opportunities to enhance the quality of noninvasive CRC screening programs. This Clinical Practice Update was commissioned and approved by the AGA Institute Clinical Practice Updates Committee and the AGA Governing Board to provide timely guidance on a topic of high clinical importance to the AGA membership, and underwent internal peer review by the Clinical Practice Updates Committee and external peer review through standard procedures of Gastroenterology. This expert commentary reflects recently published studies in this field, as well as the experiences of the authors who are gastroenterologists with high-level expertise in CRC screening and prevention. |
| Hepatology |
meta-analyses and systematic reviews
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
| Endoscopy |
Risk factors for gastric metachronous lesions after endoscopic or surgical resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Index lesion characteristics were not significantly associated with MGL. ER treatment was possible in 83.2 |
RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
| Am J Clin Nutr |
An extract of hops (Humulus lupulus L.) modulates gut peptide hormone secretion and reduces energy intake in healthy-weight men: a randomized, cross-over clinical trial. Both gastric and duodenal delivery of a hop extract modulates the release of hormones involved in appetite and glycemic regulation, providing a potential "bitter brake" on EI in healthy-weight men. Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN12614000434695 www.anzctr.org.au. |
Association of prolonged nightly fasting with cardiovascular, renal, inflammation, and nutritional status biomarkers in community-dwelling older adults. Habitual prolonged nightly fasting did not show beneficial associations with the examined biomarkers. By contrast, some modest detrimental associations were found suggesting that extended periods of time between meals may not be beneficial for older adults. Clinical Trial Registry ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03541135. |
Body composition in ALS subjects and its effect on disease progression and survival. Our equation broadens the traditional nutritional evaluation in clinics and reliably estimates body composition. Measuring body composition could target FM as a focus for nutritional management to ensure adequate energy intake and complement measures, such as the ALS functional rating scale-revised score and forced vital capacity, currently used. |
Combination of dynapenia and abdominal obesity affects long-term physical performance trajectories in older adults: Sex differences. D/AO is associated with a stronger decline in physical performance in male but not female. The identification and management of dynapenic abdominal obesity may be essential to avoiding the first signs of functional impairment in older male. |
Diverging metabolic effects of two energy restricted diets differing in nutrient quality: a 12-week randomized controlled trial in subjects with abdominal obesity. A high nutrient quality 25%ER diet is more beneficial for cardiometabolic health than a low nutrient quality 25%ER diet. Overweight insulin sensitive subjects may benefit more from a high than a low nutrient quality ER diet with respect to weight loss, due to potential attenuation of glucose-induced lipid synthesis in adipose tissue. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02194504. |
Effect of severe versus moderate energy restriction on physical activity among postmenopausal female adults with obesity: a pre-specified secondary analysis of the TEMPO Diet randomized controlled Trial. Among female adults with obesity, including a dietary component to reduce excess body weight-notably one involving severe energy restriction-could potentially enhance the effectiveness of physical activity interventions. |
Fetal iron uptake from recent maternal diet and the maternal red blood cell iron pool. Iron absorption doubled from T2 to T3 as maternal TBI declined. Women with low TBI had a greater decrease in RBC iron enrichment and transferred more RBC-derived iron to their neonate. These findings suggest maternal RBC iron serves as a significant source of iron for the fetus, particularly in women with depleted body iron stores. Clinical Trials as NCT01588665. |
Vitamin D, D-binding protein, free vitamin D and COVID-19 mortality in hospitalized patients. Non-survivors were older (mean age 73, [range 34-98]) than survivors (65, [19-95]; P = 0.003) and more likely male (67%; P = 0.02). The frequency of vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D 100nmol/L) levels may be associated with risk. Neither free nor bioavailable 25(OH) D associate with risk. |
| Am J Gastroenterol |
Antibody Response Three Months after Two-Dose SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Almost al (98.6%) IBD vaccine recipients had a positive anti-RBD antibody response at least 3 months post-vaccination. Decreased antibody titers at 3 months was seen in a subset of patients on anti-TNF-a. About 10% of the participants with high titer antibodies at one month had a decrease to low positive titers at 3 months, which was mostly observed in those on combination therapy as well as anti-TNF-a monotherapy. |
Relapse of HCV-Cryoglobulinemic Vasculitis Following Sustained Viral Response after Interferon-free Direct-Acting Antivirals. A substantial proportion of CryoVas patients experience relapse after DAA-induced SVR. Relapses are moderate-to-severe, and impact survival after 24 months, mainly due to infections. Independent risk factors for relapse or death were found. |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
Immunomodulator withdrawal from anti-TNF therapy is not associated with loss of response in inflammatory bowel disease. Patients who withdrew the immunomodulator in this retrospective cohort were not at increased risk of LOR within the following 1-2 years, but an increase in anti-drug antibodies was observed. Our findings require prospective validation, preferably in adequately powered randomized-controlled trials. |
| Endoscopy |
Impact of Expert Center endoscopic assessment of confirmed LGD diagnosed in community hospitals. One quarter of patients with apparent flat BE with confirmed LGD diagnosed in a community hospital turns out to have prevalent HGD or cancer after re-staging in an expert center. This endorses the advice to refer patients with confirmed LGD - also in the absence of visible lesions - to an expert center for re-staging endoscopy. |
| Gastroenterology |
Disease Monitoring in IBD: evolving principles and possibilities. In this review we discuss the current monitoring tools available to us and how they can be utilized. We also discuss the importance of monitoring during key phases of the disease and propose an optimum treat to target monitoring strategy for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. In the advent of new technology, we also discuss how this may improve our monitoring capabilities and how we envisage future monitoring strategies of inflammatory bowel diseases. |
WHAT DOES DISEASE PROGRESSION LOOK LIKE IN ULCERATIVE COLITIS AND HOW MIGHT IT BE PREVENTED? While the treatment paradigm for Crohn's disease (CD) has shifted towards early aggressive intervention to prevent disease progression and irreversible bowel damage, such urgency in efforts to halt disease progression in UC has been largely overlooked. This review summarizes the multiple facets of UC contributing to a modified perception of the disease as a progressive one. We propose further study of the natural history and priorities for further treatment goals that include these considerations. |
| Gut |
Tumour-associated neutrophils secrete AGR2 to promote colorectal cancer metastasis via its receptor CD98hc-xCT. Our study unveils a novel crosstalk between TANs and CRC cells involving the secreted AGR2-CD98hc-xCT axis that promotes metastasis and impacts the outcomes of patients with CRC. |
| Hepatology |
Aspirin Use and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B With or Without Cirrhosis. Aspirin use was associated with reduced risks of HCC and liver-related mortality in adults with CHB. The cirrhosis status had a substantial effect on the association between aspirin use and HCC risk. |
Contrast-enhanced CT and liver surface nodularity for the diagnosis of porto-sinusoidal vascular disorder: a case-control study. This study including a total of 103 patients with PSVD and 206 patients with cirrhosis demonstrates that LSN < 2.5 combined with normal-sized or enlarged segment IV strongly suggests PSVD in patients with signs of portal hypertension. |
Discovery of a INSIG binding compound that ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by inhibiting SREBP-mediated lipogenesis. This study provides the proof of concept that inhibiting SREBP activation by targeting INSIG to lower lipids could be a promising strategy for treating NASH. It suggests the translational potential of 25-HL in human NASH, and demonstrates the critical role of SREBP-controlled lipogenesis in the progression of NASH by pharmacological inhibition. |
KIAA1199 Drives Immune Suppression to Promote Colorectal Cancer Liver metastasis by Modulating Neutrophil Infiltration. These findings indicated that KIAA1199 could facilitate the liver infiltration of immunosuppressive neutrophils via the TGFß-CXCL3/1-CXCR2 axis, which might be clinically targeted for the treatment of hepatic metastasis. |
PAK4 inhibition protects against liver ischemia/reperfusion injury: Role of Nrf2 phosphorylation. PAK4 phosphorylates Nrf2 and suppresses its transcriptional activity. Genetic or pharmacological suppression of PAK4 alleviates hepatic I/R injury. Thus, PAK4 inhibition may represent a promising intervention against I/R induced liver injury. |
Tumor-Derived Exosomes Induce Immunosuppressive Macrophages to Foster Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Progression. Tumor-derived exosomal miR-183-5p upregulates PD-L1 expressing macrophages to foster immune suppression and disease progression in ICC through miR-183-5p/PTEN/AKT/PD-L1 pathway. Exosomal miR-183-5p is a potential predictive biomarker for ICC progression, and a potential target for development of novel therapeutic strategies against immune tolerance feature of ICC. |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
Breastfeeding Patterns in Mothers with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Pilot Prospective Longitudinal Study. Though most mothers with IBD initiate breastfeeding at time of delivery, about half continue beyond 6 months postpartum. Common reasons for this include perceived insufficient milk production and medication concerns. Larger studies are required to validate our findings in more generalizable settings such as primary and secondary care. |
Dietary Patterns and Their Association With Symptoms Activity in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Diets with increased intake of fruits and vegetables, reduction of processed meats and refined carbohydrates, and preference of water for hydration were associated with lower risk of active symptoms with IBD, although increased intake of fruits and vegetables alone did not reduce risk of symptoms with CD. |
Geosocial Features and Loss of Biodiversity Underlie Variable Rates of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a Large Developing Country: A Population-Based Study. When distribution is considered in the context of IBD prevalence, marked regional differences become evident. Despite a background of Westernization, hotspots of IBD are recognized that are not explained by population density, urbanicity, sanitation, or other indices but apparently are explained by biodiversity loss. Thus, the rise of IBD in developing countries is not uniform, but rather is one that varies depending on yet unexplored factors like geoecological conditions. |
INSPECT: A Retrospective Study to Evaluate Long-term Effectiveness and Safety of Darvadstrocel in Patients With Perianal Fistulizing Crohn's Disease Treated in the ADMIRE-CD Trial. Real-world follow-up of patients from the ADMIRE-CD trial indicates that clinical remission of complex perianal fistulas can be sustained in the long term irrespective of whether it is achieved through darvadstrocel administration or maintenance treatment regimens and confirms a favorable long-term safety profile of darvadstrocel. |
Natural Herbal Remedy Wumei Decoction Ameliorates Intestinal Mucosal Inflammation by Inhibiting Th1/Th17 Cell Differentiation and Maintaining Microbial Homeostasis. WMD ameliorates chronic colitis in mice induced by DSS or reconstituted with CD45RBhighCD4+ T cells through suppressing Th1/Th17 cell differentiation and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, maintaining epithelial barrier function, and improving the dysbiosis. |
The Neglected Gut Microbiome: Fungi, Protozoa, and Bacteriophages in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. In this review, we discuss the nonbacterial gut microbiome of IBD, highlighting the current biases, limitations, and outstanding questions that can be addressed with high-throughput DNA sequencing methods. Further, we highlight the importance of studying nonbacterial microorganisms alongside bacteria for a comprehensive view of the whole IBD biome and to provide a more precise definition of dysbiosis in patients. With the rise in popularity of microbiome-altering therapies for the treatment of IBD, such as fecal microbiota transplantation, it is important that we address these knowledge gaps to ensure safe and effective treatment of patients. |
WITHDRAWN: EFFICACY, SAFETY, AND TOLERABILITY OF OMILANCOR IN A PHASE 2 RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL OF PATIENTS WITH ULCERATIVE COLITIS. Once a day oral dosing with omilancor was well-tolerated and induced clinical remission in a Phase II mild to moderate UC population. A Phase II study in CD and a Phase III program in UC (PACIFY) were initiated in 2021 and are currently recruiting. |
| J Crohns Colitis |
Management and long-term outcomes of Crohn's disease complicated with enterocutaneous fistula: ECUFIT study from GETECCU. ECF complicating CD are rare but entail a high burden of medical and surgical resources. Closure rates are high, usually after surgery, and fistula recurrence is uncommon. A significant proportion of patients receiving medical therapy can achieve fistula closure. |
Mesenteric adipocyte contributes to intestinal fibrosis in Crohn's disease through the ATX-LPA axis. The ATX-LPA axis regulated intestinal fibrosis by influencing the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal fibroblasts. Inhibiting this axis may be a therapeutic target for intestinal fibrosis in CD. |
Smoking behavior changes after diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease and risk of all-cause mortality. In three cohorts of health professionals, a substantial proportion of patients with new diagnosis of CD and UC and history of smoking continued to smoke post-diagnosis. Smoking cessation around the time of diagnosis was associated with a significant reduction in mortality. |
| J Hepatol |
COMMD10 inhibits HIF1a/CP loop to enhance ferroptosis and radiosensitivity by disrupting Cu-Fe balance in hepatocellular carcinoma. COMMD10 inhibits HIF1a/CP loop to enhance ferroptosis and radiosensitivity via disrupting Cu-Fe homeostasis in HCC. This work provides new targets and treatment strategies for HCC radioresistance. |
Complexity of ballooned hepatocyte feature recognition: Defining a training atlas for artificial intelligence-based imaging in NAFLD. The substantial divergence in hepatocyte ballooning identified amongst expert hepato-pathologists suggests that ballooning is a spectrum, too subjective for its presence or complete absence to be unequivocally determined as a trial endpoint. A concordance atlas may be used to train AI assistive technologies to reproducibly quantify ballooned hepatocytes that standardise assessment of therapeutic efficacy. This atlas serves as a reference-standard for ongoing work to refine how ballooning is classified by both pathologists and AI. |
Probability of HBsAg loss after nucleo(s)tide analogue withdrawal depends on HBV genotype and viral antigen levels. The probability of HBsAg loss after NUC cessation varies according to patient ethnicity, HBV genotype and end-of-treatment viral antigen levels. Patients with low HBsAg (<100 IU/ml) and/or undetectable HBcrAg levels, particularly if non-Asian or infected with HBV genotype C, appear to be the best candidates for therapy withdrawal. |
| Liver Transpl |
Cerium oxide nanoparticles administration during machine perfusion of discarded human livers: a pilot study. Alb-NC exerted an antioxidant activity by increasing glutathione levels (%change: +94%±25%; p=0.01), superoxide dismutase (+17%±4%; p=0.02), and catalase activity (51%±23%; p=0.03), reducing the occurrence of mtDNA 4977 deletion (-67.2%±11%; p=0.03), but did not affect cytokine release. Alb-NC during ex situ perfusion decreased oxidative stress, up-regulating graft antioxidant defense. They could be a tool to improve quality graft during NMP and represent an antioxidant strategy aimed at protecting the graft against reperfusion injury during liver transplantation. |
Intraoperative Risk Factors of Acute Kidney Injury Following Liver Transplantation. Our study identified significant association between several potentially modifiable variables with post transplant AKI. The addition of intraoperative data did not improve overall model discrimination. |
Portal Vein Complications and Outcomes Following Pediatric Liver Transplant: Data from the Society of Pediatric Liver Transplantation. Recurrence after re-transplant was similar to the overall prevalence in the cohort (8.2%). Our results recognize the common occurrence of PVC following pediatric liver transplant, describe independently associated risk factors, and determine that patients with PVC have worse outcomes. Further studies are needed to improve PVC prevention, detection and management strategies. |
| Neurogastroenterol Motil |
Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
| Gastroenterology |
Editorial Commentary for the manuscript entitled "Docking protein p130Cas regulates acinar to ductal metaplasia during pancreatic adenocarcinoma development and pancreatitis" A p130Cas-mediated mechanism governs acinar to ductal metaplasia and the initiation of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. |
| Gut |
Gut microbiome and health: mechanistic insights. Numerous molecular mechanisms explaining how gut bacteria might be causally linked with the protection or the onset of diseases are discussed. We examine well-established metabolites (ie, short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, trimethylamine N-oxide) and extend this to more recently identified molecular actors (ie, endocannabinoids, bioactive lipids, phenolic-derived compounds, advanced glycation end products and enterosynes) and their specific receptors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARa) and gamma (PPAR |
| Hepatology |
| Liver Transpl |
Mending the MELD: An in-depth review of the past, present, and future portopulmonary hypertension MELD exception. Specifically, PVR rather than mPAP has been shown to be more strongly associated with outcomes, including mortality. Additionally, among treated patients with POPH, mPAP may be persistently elevated related to an elevated cardiac output or other factors that do not necessarily reflect POPH disease severity. Thus, in February 2021, the Organ Procurement Transplantation Network (OPTN) approved proposed modifications to POPH MELD exception criteria, now allowing either of the following post-treatment, pre-LT hemodynamic profiles: mPAP less than 35 mmHg and post-treatment PVR less than 400 dynes*sec/cm5 (or less than 5 WU) or mPAP greater than or equal to 35 mmHg and less than 45 mmHg and post-treatment PVR less than 240 dynes*sec/cm5 (or less than 3 WU). This article reviews the history of the POPH MELD exception, describes the recent modifications to the exception criteria and the evidence supporting them, and also highlights unanswered questions and areas for future research. |
Letters to the editors and authors’ replies
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
| Gut |
| Hepatology |
| J Hepatol |
| Liver Transpl |
| Neurogastroenterol Motil |
all remaining publications eg case reports, images of the month, etc…
| Am J Gastroenterol |
| Endoscopy |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |